Fabrication work related to developing three backend instruments, namely, PARAS-2, Speckle Imaging, and Faint Object Camera (FOC) for the 2.5m telescope, was undertaken at the Workshop. More than 300 unique components have been fabricated for these backend instruments. Work has also been done on developing various experimental setups for these instruments.
FOC will be the first light Instrument for the upcoming PRL 2.5m telescope. It comprises a 4k X 4k CCD with a set of UGRIZ filters used for photometry in UGRIZ bands. FOC is to be attached to the main port of the 2.5m telescope, and have 87 Opto-electro-mechanical components that all are fabricated on the VMC-850 machine. The total weight of FOC is approximately 400 kg. Two filter wheels of about 360 mm in diameter have been realized for mounting the filters. Each filter wheel is controlled by a separate gear assembly and stepper motor using an Arduino base controller.
NIRIS (Deep Infrared Imaging Spectrograph) is a large FOV (80 degrees) grating spectrograph and provides spectra in the 823 - 894 nm wavelength range. It is commissioned in the Optical Aeronomy Observatory at Mt. Abu. The instrument weighing about 250 kg needs to be lifted to an appropriate position in the observatory dome, which is achieved by a lifting mechanism known as a Scissor Table. This table was designed and developed in the workshop and was transported to the observatory. It is assembled using a base frame, top frame, lead screw & nut, and multiple link elements joined by screw joints.
MISE (Multiwavelength Imaging Spectrograph using Echelle Grating) is a high spectral resolution with a large field-of-view (FOV; 140 degrees) instrument that is capable of retrieving faint dayglow emissions at Multiwavelength (OI 557.7, 630.0, and 777.4 nm) that are buried in the strong solar scattered background continuum. The Design of the “MISE” instrument having a Lens of 1200 mm focal length is being completed in PRL-Workshop. The overall dimensions of the MISE instrument are 1180 mm x 500 mm x 500 mm. A total of three such MISE assemblies are planned to be deployed in different geographical locations across the country. The complete assembly involves a total of 124 parts, out of which 118 parts will be manufactured in PRL-Workshop, whereas 6 parts will be procured off the shelf.
The 1.2-meter telescope uses an encoder for controlling the dome position for the given celestial target. The encoder is a part of the feedback system for this purpose. The encoder currently in use is more than 25 years old and hence a standby system was required to be tested and qualified. This necessitated the fabrication of the encoder wheel assembly for the 1.2-meter Telescope. The components of this assembly, as shown in Figure, were fabricated at the Thaltej workshop facility. The bigger wheel shown in the figure is in contact with dome motion and provides feedback through the encoder. The bearing mating surfaces were made with controlled tolerances and surface finish to end up in excellent bearing fitting.
This Proto-Pol instrument is a prototype version of the realization of the M-FOCS-EP instrument for the 2.5 m telescope. The sub-assemblies of the instrument were fabricated at the Thaltej workshop, with high accuracy of linear and angular position. The fabrication of these subassembly components utilized the range of CNC turning, VMC-640, wire-cut EDM, conventional lathe, and drill machine tools.
The Spectrum Lamp Assembly was fabricated to determine the characteristics of the argon lamp and krypton lamp, which are the light source that is used in astronomical spectrographs for their wavelength calibration, and also used for the calibration of the low-resolution spectrograph in the visible wavelength range. The holder assembly for the ø30 mm lens (collimator) was attached to the lamp mount and a dedicated mount for the argon/krypton lamp has been fabricated. The fabrication was carried out at the Thaltej workshop using the VMC-640, CNC turning center, and wire-cut EDM machine tools.
Two sub-assemblies namely: The Wien filter sub-assembly and the faraday cup sub-assembly for the ASPEX payload testing were fabricated at the Thaltej workshop.
The Wien filter fabricated in-house is being used as a mass filter in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises of mutually orthogonal electrostatic and magnetic field allowing only a limited particle velocity to pass through. An electric field is applied on the two copper plates where Teflon spacers are used to provide the necessary isolation. The Wien filter was tested independently with an ion gun and the performance was satisfactory.
The Faraday Cup and mounting setup developed in-house is being used for flux measurement of the Ion Gun in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises a 45-degree bend mounting arm made of Aluminum to support and rotate the Faraday Cup. Faraday Cup is fabricated from copper, whereas Delrin spacers are used to provide necessary isolation between the mounting arm and Faraday Cup. An enclosure of a fine aperture of 1mm at the entrance of the Faraday cup was assembled to define the entrance aperture to Faraday Cup. It is now integrated with the calibration set-up for final tests of flight model packages.
Permittivity and Thermophysical Instrument for Moon’s Aquatic scout (PRATHIMA) payload, for LUPEX mission of ISRO & JAXA, is a selected payload on-board rover. The objective of this payload is to detect water ice on the lunar surface using dielectric permittivity measurements. The probe has an overall length of 150 mm and diameter of 25mm and is made using copper and Teflon material. The laboratory model was fabricated at the Thaltej workshop. The copper transmitter and receiver were made in close fit with the cylindrical structure of the probe. The Teflon material base cylindrical structure was fabricated with precision turning while taking care of lateral deflection.
The Wien filter sub-assembly and the faraday cup sub-assembly for the ASPEX payload testing were fabricated at the Thaltej workshop. The Wien filter fabricated in-house is being used as a mass filter in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises of mutually orthogonal electrostatic and magnetic field allowing only a limited particle velocity to pass through. An electric field is applied on the two copper plates where Teflon spacers are used to provide the necessary isolation. A fine aperture of 1mm at the entrance and exit defines the ion beam path. The Faraday Cup (Copper) and mounting setup developed in-house is being used for flux measurement of the Ion Gun in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises a 45-degree bend mounting arm made of Aluminum to support and rotate the Faraday Cup. Delrin spacers are used to provide necessary isolation between the mounting arm and Faraday Cup. An enclosure of a fine aperture of 1mm at the entrance of the Faraday cup was assembled to define the entrance aperture to Faraday Cup.
The Wien filter sub-assembly and the faraday cup sub-assembly for the ASPEX payload testing were fabricated at the Thaltej workshop. The Wien filter fabricated in-house is being used as a mass filter in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises of mutually orthogonal electrostatic and magnetic field allowing only a limited particle velocity to pass through. An electric field is applied on the two copper plates where Teflon spacers are used to provide the necessary isolation. A fine aperture of 1mm at the entrance and exit defines the ion beam path. The Faraday Cup (Copper) and mounting setup developed in-house is being used for flux measurement of the Ion Gun in the SWIS-ASPEX payload calibration set-up at Thermo-vac lab, Thaltej. It comprises a 45-degree bend mounting arm made of Aluminum to support and rotate the Faraday Cup. Delrin spacers are used to provide necessary isolation between the mounting arm and Faraday Cup. An enclosure of a fine aperture of 1mm at the entrance of the Faraday cup was assembled to define the entrance aperture to Faraday Cup.
PARAS-2 (PRL Advance Radial-velocity Abu-sky Search -2) is a fiber-fed high-resolution spectrograph designed to detect the Exo-planets, and several mechanical components of PARAS-2 for the upcoming 2.5m PRL telescope are fabricated in PRL-Workshop, main campus.
PARAS-2 CASSEGRAIN Unit has been attached to the side port of the PRL 2.5m telescope and consists of the main Cassegrain and a Calibration unit. More than 170 parts of the PARAS-2 Cassegrain Unit were manufactured, and most of the parts were machined on VMC m/c. The XY stage with a precision of better than 3 microns was developed to adjust the focal point in the Cassegrain unit by using linear guideways for smooth motion. The Linear Guideways with a Ball Screw was developed for the calibration unit, which is used for automizing the selection of light source. Typical dimensional tolerances are achieved within the range of +/- 50 microns for all parts manufactured using a VMC machine.
The Automated Rain Water Sample Collector was designed and developed to collect high-frequency precipitation for hydrology applications, and it was tested during the monsoon period (last 2 years) successfully. Based on the Intensity and flow of Rain, this instrument can automatically calculate & sequentially store 90 numbers of empty vials each of 30 ml capacity. A copper funnel, a bracket for bearing, 5 Aluminium sheet covers (3 mm Th.), four brass couplers for solenoid valves, 2 Aluminium doors at the front of the instrument, etc., were fabricated and assembled in the Rain Water Sampler for its actual operation. A total of 4 number caster wheels of 3-inch size are fitted for smooth movement, and after the assembling of all these parts, the instrument has been tested to collect rainwater samples.
The Plasma chemistry setup was developed in a femtosecond laser lab PRL to investigate the molecular species formation in the interaction of femtosecond laser-induced plasma plume with multiple gases. The Aluminium frame and various components of this setup were designed and fabricated in PRL's workshop. The mounting of the fiber having an adjustable position as per requirement is manufactured based on the user’s requirements. PRL-Workshop (main campus) has also developed various optical posts, breadboards, and adapter plates for sample mounting. The plasma chemistry setup with an Aluminium frame is shown in the figure.
The Higher Harmonic Generation setup installation was completed in the year 2020-21 in the Femtosecond laser laboratory. One of the issues faced by the Femtosecond laser laboratory team is the background lights due to the mirror finishing wall of the vacuum chamber, and various components including multiple custom pipes were fabricated to resolve this issue in the PRL-Workshop (main campus). The gas cell is made of a stainless steel 0.25-inch pipe which is closed at one end, and another side is open for introducing gas, which was fabricated in-house. The length and diameter of this pipe were chosen based on the pressure requirement in this gas cell which has two holes in lines of 50 microns, where the Laser beam is focused, and HHG-generated XUV photons should pass along with the beam laser beam with another 50-micron hole on a pipe. Making sub-50-micron holes in SS pipe was difficult in the workshop, and hence we used a femtosecond laser to create a 50-micron hole.
A new six-way cross vacuum chamber is installed in the femtosecond laser lab for generating the supersonic molecular beam. This vacuum chamber is connected to a High Harmonic Generation (XUV spectrometer) setup. The alignment of both vacuum chambers with respect to the femtosecond laser beam was a challenging task. In the workshop, the design has been completed for finding out the center height of the vacuum chamber with reference to the floor by developing a 3-D CAD model. The laser beam has to pass multiple times before focusing within the vacuum chamber and for that circular breadboard on which the fives mirror mounts were installed to guide the laser beam. The C-clamps were designed & fabricated based on the 3-D model of the vacuum chamber and installed. The drawings were prepared before fabricating the breadboard, Aluminium stand, mounts, and c-clamps alignment.
During the COVID lockdown period in April 2020, the workshop produced 20 numbers of Foot Operated Soap Dispenser Assemblies, which were utilized in the diff. premises of PRL. These units were designed & fabricated in PRL-Workshop, main campus, to be used for the hand-free operation of sanitization, which was the first unique design of its kind. A total of 140 different parts were machined and fabricated. The overall dimensions of one assembly are 406 mm L x 406 mm W x 1050 mm H. The square base of the assembly was fabricated from MS flat bars (8 mm thick) for its strength and sturdiness. Automotive white paint and primer were sprayed on each part of all assemblies to prevent corrosion. These Foot Operated Soap Dispensers are maintenance-free and still are in use.
This ion spectrometer is developed for coincidence momentum imaging, to be used with a femtosecond laser for ultrafast science. The assembly of the spectrometer is shown in the figure. The Total Height of this Spectrometer is 700 mm. PRL workshop has manufactured various components of the system e.g. drift tubes, Al. mesh holders, ceramic spacers, stainless steel (SS), and Al. flanges etc. Each of these parts was produced in varying quantities and have dimensions ranging from 2 mm (minimum) to 140mm (maximum). Most of these parts were fabricated on the in- TMC-250 (nvu) CNC machine from SS-304 material in the PRL-Workshop, main campus
The femtosecond laser is installed on optical benches. The floor around the optical tables is on anti-vibration pads for reducing the vibrations. To reduce the noise and to maintain the temperature and humidity near the femtosecond laser, PRL-Workshop has designed, developed, and installed the optical enclosures around the femtosecond laser, as shown in the figure. The walls of enclosures are made with acrylic (Perspex) sheets of 8 mm / 6 mm thickness and installed using aluminum profile sections.
PRL-Workshop, main campus, has designed and fabricated, a “C Shaped” total of 4 optical benches having dimensions of 1.2 m x 3.6 m and 1.5 m x 3 m which are installed on floor isolated area in the Femtosecond Laser Lab.
A unique design of an optical rack was developed to host much optical and electronic equipment such that the rack must not be in contact with the vibration-isolated floor.
A compact low-cost heater assembly was developed to explore the feasibility of its application in graphite preparation in a radiocarbon dating laboratory. The overall dimensions of ceramic housing are 300 mm X 57 mm X 95 mm. A coil is placed inside of ceramic vertical housing and another coil is placed in the horizontal ceramic housing. The assembly has one fixed vertical heating box that can accommodate a heating tube and is thermally isolated by using cement asbestos sheets. The heating box can move in the horizontal direction on rolling wheels. For alignment, the horizontal box can be adjusted by tuning four vertical shafts. The assembly has been tested successfully in the laboratory.
The Dual-axis Hybrid Sun Tracking system has been developed for the real-time tracking of the Sun along with a Multiwavelength Sun-Photometer. The size of the Aluminium housing is of size 400 mm L x 400 mm W x 250 mm H. It has two drive motors with a worm gear mechanism for controlled and accurate elevation (0 to 90 degrees) and azimuth (0 to 359 degrees) tracking. The controller electronics and the driver circuits are mounted inside the system. The system has been designed to first compute the Sun position (using an onboard microcontroller unit) then searches the Sun and finally correct the offset within the permissible limits. It then keeps tracking the Sun based on a feedback mechanism. The system has been indigenously designed and developed at the PRL workshop, main campus.
The existing Aerosol Sampling System which is used to quantify the effect of RH on various atmospheric aerosol properties; has been modified to an automatic regenerating absorption dryer for continuous operation. The system consists of two sets of aluminum cylinders (length 6 feet and diameter 6 inches), houses 11 ducts (diameter 10 mm) made up of stainless steel SS-316 wire mesh, Inlet and Outlet cone, and filled with Silica beads. The cones are mounted with temperature and RH sensors to monitor the change in relative humidity. During the real-time operation when the ambient air is sampled through a cylinder the other cylinder is dried automatically. The system (shown in the figure) has been designed, developed, and installed at Aerosol Monitoring Laboratory by the PRL Workshop team (main campus).
A Teflon Housing of size 230 mm Lx 200 mm W x 50 mm H is designed and fabricated in the PRL workshop, main campus. The main function of this Teflon housing is to act as a thermal insulator for a filter wheel that contains optical filters and prevents ambient heat to flow inside the filter unit. This helps in maintaining the constant temperature of optical filters. The Teflon plates are cut to allow heat sink and barrel placement over the filter wheel. All sides are then fixed together to get a final enclosed insulator housing. A total of 6 nos. of different sizes of Teflon plates are machined in a VMC machine according to the instrument’s requirements. A total of 18 Teflon plates are machined and assembled together for the fabrication of three units of Teflon housing for the filter wheel.
CMAP is used to measure night glow via focusing light onto CCD fixed along the optical axis. A three-barrel arrangement enclosing optical lenses, Brass housing with lock rings is used for placing lenses. The Figure shows the picture of the total parts and assembly of a CCD-based Multi-Wavelength Air Glow Photometer (CMAP).
The CMAP (Flanged Version) assembly consists of a total of 20 nos. of parts which include 3 nos. of different sizes aluminum barrels, 8 nos. of brass housing for lenses, and 6 nos. of brass lock rings. Two such CMAP assemblies (units) were manufactured in PRL-Workshop, main campus.
A total of 5 nos. of Mild Steel (MS) structures of size: is 1000 mm L x 500 mm W x 750 mm H, were designed and fabricated at the PRL workshop (main campus) that are being used for the testing of the optics components of the PARAS-2 spectrograph (figure). These all MS Structures are fabricated from MS square pipes of various sizes (3” x 3” x ¼” and 2” x 2” x ¼”). The weight of an MS structure is approximately 80 kg and is designed to take a load of 600 to 700 kg. The support structures are to be used with granite slab and steel breadboard to provide a platform for PARAS-2 optics testing.
Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (AMS) uses sample targets of some specific shape and size, which are made up of aluminum pellets. Samples, a few milligrams, in powder form, are required to be pressed into Pallets and sealed using soft copper pins. As per the requirements of the AMS machine, pressing units (assemblies) have been designed and fabricated using Stainless Steel-304 and Brass material on the TMC-200 nvu CNC machine.
One pressing assembly consists of a total of 9 parts, and such 50 nos. of assemblies for the AMS machine were produced by PRL-Workshop, main campus.
Manufacturing of the diff. mechanical components for the engineering model of the ASPEX payload have been carried out completely in-house at Thaltej-Workshop. ASPEX payload of ADITYA L1 mission consists of mainly two sub-systems namely SWIS and STEPS and has a total of 7 different packages namely, THA1, THA2, HV, PE, STEPS1, STEPS2A, and STEPS 2B. More than 291 new components were fabricated with tight assembly tolerances & precisions. During the testing of the engineering model of the payloads, many components have been revised and fabricated to facilitate end-to-end testing of the payload.
For performing spectrometer-based experiments, Aluminium profile-based housing for the Vacuum chamber and electron gun has been designed and developed in the PRL-Workshop, main campus. This System is mounted on an Aluminum profile structure with a 200 cm length, 107 cm width, and 80 cm Height (from the base structure). The structure is optimized to house a vacuum chamber including customized SS-based support and adjustable support for Electron Gun. All the Al. profiles have been used with minimum wastage and optimized usage. A frame for installing Swagelok valves and housing for the desktop (all in one) has been built. Aluminum Plates were manufactured for the assembling of the foot master castor wheels of 90 mm x 90 mm section profile. A power distribution board has also been fitted on the frame in such a way that makes the structure professional.
A new Velocity Map Imaging(VMI) spectrometer has been built in PRL-Workshop (main campus), for studying ultrafast molecular physics using a Femto laser, and charged particle imaging spectrometer. In VMI, the 3D Newton sphere (3D Velocity vectors) is mapped onto the 2D detector. This spectrometer can be used for both electrons and ions. This spectrometer has 11 plates of SS-304 material for kinetic energy dispersion control which also helps with velocity mapping of the high kinetic energy of charged particles. The ceramic Spacers have been kept in between all plates. The design and fabrication of the Velocity Map Imaging spectrometer have been performed in PRL’s workshop.
The Design of the Automated Rain Water Sample Collection is ready for High-Frequency Precipitation for Hydrology Applications. When the Rain is starting at that point in time this system senses and starts the collection of Rain Water. Based on the Intensity & Flow of Rain, This Instrument automatically calculates and sequentially stores the Empty Vials of a Total of 90 nos., each of 30 ml capacity. Electronics will take care of, the total requirement of Rain Water Collection. The Position Accuracy (when to move forward or Backward), Intimation to the end user via. SMS for the collection of full bottles or Reloading of Empty Bottles, Rotational movement as well as Reciprocate movements of the Bottles & Rainwater tube, How Remotely you can control and update the status of the instrument, etc. You can connect the system with Mobile Communication for updating the status of the system when all Bottles are filled with Rainwater, and it is in the Memory of the Hardware that these Bottles are full and accordingly the instrument will work.
It was shown earlier that by limiting the spectral bandwidth and field-of-view of a nightglow photometer, it is possible to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) significantly so that its capability to detect small variations in the intensity associated with space weather impact and plasma irregularity events over low latitudes can be picked up unambiguously. In view of this, a number of portable nightglow photometers were designed and fabricated in PRL-Workshop (main campus) in which spectral bandwidth was 0.3 nm and FOV was ~3o. However, these portable photometers were not equipped with mirror scanning arrangement so that different parts of the sky could be scanned in quick succession. In the present design, servo motors that can be controlled precisely are used for this mirror scanning system. In addition, the mechanical design of the photometer has been changed completely to bring in more stability and to facilitate complete automation. The plans are on to introduce filter wheels in this design. This miniaturized photometer is self-sufficient and can be operated remotely.
We designed and fabricated two controller boxes, for the assembly of the components required for controlling the MFOSC-P instrument. The boxes are designed using AutoCAD software. The hardware is developed fully in-house in the PRL workshop (main campus). The entire mounting of the components, connectors preparation, wire harnessing, and characterization were done in the PRL laboratory.
Both the boxes have provisions for 2 controllers, 8 motor drivers, power supplies, relay PCB, D-type connectors, and lamp socket connections.
Controller Box Version-o is having Dimensions: 386 x 206 x 336 (mm). In this design, all 8 drivers are mounted on 2 sides of an acrylic sheet which in turn is fixed with the back plate of the box. Both controllers are also mounted on the back wall, which is insulated from Aluminum via an acrylic plate. The base plate holds the major power supplies of the system. Encapsulated power modules, switches, and sockets are placed on each of the 2 sides of the box. The D-type connectors for linking the instrument with the controller are provided on the outer side of the rear wall. The relay PCB is supported by the top plate. Slots for AC supply and communicating with the software are provided on one of the side walls.
We designed and fabricated two controller boxes, for the assembly of the components required for controlling the MFOSC-P instrument. The boxes are designed using AutoCAD software. The hardware is developed fully in-house in the PRL workshop (main campus). The entire mounting of the components, connectors preparation, wire harnessing, and characterization were done in the PRL laboratory.
Both the boxes have provisions for 2 controllers, 8 motor drivers, power supplies, relay PCB, D-type connectors, and lamp socket connections.
Controller box version-1 is having dimensions: 386 x 210 x 447 (mm). It is a modified form of version 0. The purpose was to provide more space for easy access to components while debugging or monitoring the instrument. The mounting orientation of drivers and controllers has been changed, and it is more modular so that each component acts as a standalone unit and can be dealt with individually. Additional D-type connectors have been used to provide a better path for wire routing.
Apart from these two controllers boxes we have also designed and developed a separate power supply box, to provide isolation between AC and DC signal, and to avoid interference of AC with USB communication.
In the CCD-based Multiwave Length Airglow Photometer, a Three-cylinder arrangement encloses optical lenses, and the cylinders have flanged joints. All Cylinders are 60mm in diameter, and lengths of 120,100, and 90mm. Brass housing with lock rings is used for placing lenses. This instrument is used to measure night glow, via focusing images on a CCD camera. This instrument is in the testing phase.
Barrel & Lens Housing for CCD-based Day Time Airglow Photometer is a barrel of size, Dia.105 mm and height 210mm, the barrel has threads from top to 70mm length, the bottom of the barrel is a Dia. of size 75mm having external threads which get attached to CCD stand. PVC lens housing has external threads and the top of the cotton fiber encloses the.
This mechanism should be operated at both room temperature and Cryogenic temperature (around 80K) was a critical design requirement. The tolerance & alignment of the instrument played a major role in its precise functioning of the instrument. A good design fulfilled the expectation to decrease thermal stresses and strains which ensures smooth movement of the parts. Smart stepper motors are being used for motion control. Since these motors cannot be used at cryogenic temperatures and high vacuum conditions, they are mounted outside the Vacuum Dewar in ambient conditions. Rotary feedthrough was used to transmit the motion to the filter wheels inside the Vacuum Dewar.
The drive mechanism consists of a bevel gear set (4 Nos.) and Spur gear set (2 Big Gears & 2 Small Gears). One of the spur gears is used as a filter wheel. All the bevels, pinion gears, and filter wheels are made of Brass material. Significant backlash is voluntarily introduced in the gear system when setting the distance between the pinion gear and filter wheel rotation axes. This strategy is to reduce the risk of gripping that could occur if the filter wheel does not cool down as fast as its enclosure.
.jpg)
All Geared Head Lathe, comprising of hardened and ground bed, American A2-6 Spindle Nose, R.H. Hand Wheel Apron, Square Tool Post and electrical item suitable for 415V, 7.5HP, 50 cycles with 5.5 KW motor
All Geared Head Lathe, comprising of hardened and ground bed, American A2-6 Spindle Nose, R.H. Hand Wheel Apron, Square Tool Post, and electrical item suitable for 415V, 5HP, 50 cycles with 3.7 KW motor.
The machine is manufactured by KIRLOSKAR – Admit Between Center - 1200 mm – Taper Turning – 200 mm Distance between Centers – 1500 mm Swing over bed – 380 mm Swing over cross slide- 240 mm Swing in the gap – 540 mm Morse taper – MT3 Spindle Bore – 41 mm Main motor - 5 HP
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
.jpg)
 Ltd. Make).jpg)
The “NEW BHARAT” double-ended motorized bench grinders& polishers are sturdy, efficient & robust in construction, designed for accurate & general purpose of hand-dry grinding & polishing work in industries tool rooms foundries, electroplating workshops &engineering shops MOTORS: “NEW BHARAT” grinders & polishers are equipped with totally enclosed AC Induction motor.
The “NEW BHARAT” double-ended motorized bench grinders& polishers are sturdy, efficient & robust in construction, designed for accurate & general purposes of hand-dry grinding & polishing work in industries tool rooms foundries, electroplating workshops &engineering shops
“NEW BHARAT” grinders & polishers are equipped with a totally enclosed AC Induction motor, operated on rated 3 pHs. 415V AC or single phase 230VAC50 Hz supply. Single-phase motors are capacitor start run type The winding is fully impregnated with high-grade varnish for typical climate Rotors are well balanced to ensure smooth running& larger bearing life
All models are fitted with an on/off four-position rotary-type switch in the base. In single-phase double-pole rotary switches & triple-pole rotary switches used for three-phase motors
Grinders are fitted with two grinding wheels one coarse & another fine with fully adjustable tool rests fitted with wheel guards on both sides.
Smooth and polish metal, plastic, and other materials with this heavy-duty 1/2 HP buffer. The rugged cast iron base reduces vibration so that smooth, easy-to-use buffing station for all your projects. Extra long, ball bearing supported precision machine shafts for durable performance.
.jpg)